Person Page - 2946

     Her Social Security Number was 170-18-7835.² Alberta Frances Weston was buried at Royal Palm Memorial Gardens, 27200 N. Jones Loop Road, Punta Gorda, Charlotte Co., Florida.³ She was born on October 8, 1909 at Pennsylvania.^4,2 As of December 30, 1926,her married name was Meddock.¹ She married Orah Eugene Meddock, son of Elwood Jackson Meddock and Luthera Muzette "Thera" Hulings, on December 30, 1926 at Venango Co., Pennsylvania.¹ Alberta Frances Weston died in January, 1991 at age 81.²

     Jean Louise Meddock was buried at East Troy Cemetery, Hydetown, Crawford Co., Pennsylvania.⁴ She was born on November 24, 1926 at Franklin, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.² As of June 9, 1945,her married name was McCurdy.² She married Richard George McCurdy on June 9, 1945 at Titusville, Crawford Co., Pennsylvania.² Jean Louise Meddock died on December 11, 1978 at Erie, Erie Co., Pennsylvania, at age 52.² She Mrs. Jean L. McCurdy, 52, wife of Richard G. McCurdy and a native of Franklin, died at 4:30 p.m. Monday at Hamot Medical Center, Erie, where she was admitted Sunday. She was born in Franklin Nov 24, 1926, a daughter of Orah E. and Alberta F. Weston Meddock. She was married to Richard G. McCurdy on June 9, 1945, at Titusville. Formerly of Meadville, the family resided at Titusville RD 4. Mrs. McCurdy was a graduate of Titusville High School with the Class of 1945. While residing in Titusville, she was a member of First United Presbyterian Church, a member and past matron of Acacia Chapter 30, Order of the Eastern Star. Surviving along with her husband are her parents, of Meadville RD 6; one son, F. Craig McCurdy of Fairbanks, Alaska, one brother, Richard L. Meddock, Meadville RD 6; one grandson, Clayton C. McCurdy, also of Fairbanks, and several nieces and nephews. on December 13, 1978.²

     His Social Security Number was 177-22-0665.⁶ Sgt. Richard Laverne Meddock was buried at Royal Palm Memorial Gardens, 27200 N. Jones Loop Road, Punta Gorda, Charlotte Co., Florida.² He was born on June 22, 1929 at Venango Co., Pennsylvania.^1,2,3,6,7 He died on February 14, 1984 at Charlotte Co., Florida, at age 54.^2,3,7

     David Benton Bickel was buried at Laurel Hill Cemetery, 4523 Love Road, Millcreek Township, Erie Co., Pennsylvania.^3,6 His Social Security Number was 177-07-1414.⁹ He was born on May 5, 1907 at Cranberry Township, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.^9,4,5,6 He married Ecie Margaret Stover on July 9, 1924.^10,6 David Benton Bickel died on June 11, 1985 at Marienville, Forest Co., Pennsylvania, at age 78.^9,6 He David B. Bickel, 78, of 9401 Old Waterford Road, Erie, died Tuesday in Marienville. He was born in Oil City on May 5, 1907, a son of Lewis and Zenie Hullings Bickel. Mr. Bickel had resided in Erie for the past 30 years, and previously lived in Oil City. He was employed as a dispatcher with Penelec, and retired in 1972 after 49 years with the utility. He was a member of Masonic Lodge 710 of Oil City; was a 32nd Degree Mason; and belonged to the AARP. He was also an avid hunter, and enjoyed gardening. Surviving are his wife, the former Margaret Stover, with whom he would have celebrated his 61st anniversary on July 9; three daughters, Mrs. Lloyd (Mildred) Perry of Oil City, Mrs. Doris Ardillo of Harborcreek and Mrs. George (Margaret) VanTassel of St. Charles, Ill; three sons, Norman Bickel of Fairbanks, Alaska, Jerome Bickel of Clearfield and Kenneth Bickel of Millcreek Township, Erie County; a sister, Mrs. Harold (Anna Mae) Blauser of Oil City; 22 grandchildren and 15 great-grandchildren; and several nieces and nephews. He was preceded in death by a daughter, Janet Persons, and a granddaughter, Lesa Perry. Funeral arrangements are under the direction of the Dusckas Funeral Home, 2607 Buffalo Road, Erie. The family will receive friends there from 2 to 5 and 7 to 9 p.m. Thursday. Services will be conducted at 2:30 p.m. Friday in the funeral home, with the Rev. Rollie Harris officiating. Interment will be in Laurel Hill Cemetery, Erie. on June 12, 1985.⁶

     Her Social Security Number was 162-34-2700.⁶ Anna Mae Bickel was buried at Fertigs Cemetery, Fertigs, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.⁷ She was born on April 7, 1914 at Oil City, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.^7,6,3 As of September 9, 1931,her married name was Blauser.⁷ She married Harold Silzle Blauser on September 9, 1931.^8,7,5,9 Anna Mae Bickel died on January 25, 1995 at age 80.⁶

     Harold Silzle Blauser was buried at Fertigs Cemetery, Fertigs, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.² His Social Security Number was 204-10-1879.⁴ He was born on October 16, 1910 at Butler Co., Pennsylvania.^2,4,5,3 He married Anna Mae Bickel, daughter of Lewis G. Bickel and Zenia Bell "Zenie" Huling, on September 9, 1931.^1,2,6,7 Harold Silzle Blauser died on December 22, 1996 at Medina Co., Ohio, at age 86.^2,4

     Ecie Margaret Stover was buried at Laurel Hill Cemetery, 4523 Love Road, Millcreek Township, Erie Co., Pennsylvania.³ Her Social Security Number was 169-30-8559.⁴ She was born on May 20, 1907 at Pinegrove Township, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.^4,5,2 As of July 9, 1924,her married name was Bickel.⁶ She married David Benton Bickel, son of Lewis G. Bickel and Zenia Bell "Zenie" Huling, on July 9, 1924.^1,6 Ecie Margaret Stover died on January 18, 1990 at Osceola Co., Florida, at age 82.^4,5

     Janet Bickel was buried at Riceville Cemetery, Riceville, Crawford Co., Pennsylvania.^3,4 She was born on February 10, 1925 at Oil City, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.⁴ As of March 23, 1942,her married name was Persons.⁴ She married Victor Otto Persons on March 23, 1942.⁴ Janet Bickel died on January 5, 1980 at Erie, Erie Co., Pennsylvania, at age 54.^3,4 She Mrs. Janet B. Persons, 55, of Union City RD 2, and a native of this city and a sister of an area resident, died Thursday evening in Hamot Medical Center in Erie following an extended illness. A daughter of David B. and Margaret Stover Bickel, she was born Feb. 10, 1925 in Oil City. Mrs. Persons was a member of the Bloomfield Firemen's Auxiliary. She was united in marriage to Victor Persons on March 23, 1942. Besides her husband, Mrs. Persons is survived by one son and one daughter: David Persons of United City RD 3; and Debra Persons of Erie. Also surviving are her parents, Mr. and Mrs. David Bickel of Erie; three sisters, Mrs. Lloyd (Mildred) Perry of Oil City RD 2; Mrs. Doris Ardillo of Erie; and Mrs. George (Margaret) Van Tassel of St. Charles, Ill; three brothers, Norman Bickel of Whitefish, Mont; Jerome Bickel of Clearfield; and Kenneth Bickel of Erie; and three grandchildren. Mrs. Persons was preceded in death by an infant daughter in 1952. Funeral services were held at 3:30 p.m. today in the Bracken Funeral Home in Spartansburg, with the Rev. Milton McKinney, pastor of the Taylor-Stand Bible Church officiating. Interment was to follow in the Riceville Cemetery. on July 5, 1980.⁴

     Mildred Bickel was buried at Heckathorn Cemetery, Cranberry Township, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.⁷ Her Social Security Number was 210-18-7175.⁸ Her married name was Perry.³ She married Lloyd Alvin Perry.^3,5 Mildred Bickel was born on June 18, 1927 at Pennsylvania.^1,8,7 She died on December 9, 2008 at Pennsylvania at age 81.⁸

     His Social Security Number was 195-22-8126.⁶ Norman L. Bickel was buried at Laurel Hill Cemetery, 4523 Love Road, Millcreek Township, Erie Co., Pennsylvania.⁷ He was born on October 17, 1928 at Oil City, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.^6,2 He died on July 8, 2008 at Erie, Erie Co., Pennsylvania, at age 79.^6,2 He Norman L. Bickel, 79, died Tuesday, July 8, 2008, in Erie, after a lengthy illness. He was born on Oct. 17, 1928, in Oil City, the son of the late David and Ecie Margaret Stover Bickel. Norman graduated from Cranberry High School in 1946, and served in the U.S. Army during World War II. He worked in Alaska as a construction superintendent for 18 years. After retiring, he moved to Florida. He was a resident in Erie at the Pennsylvania Soldiers and Sailors Home the last five years. Survivors include a daughter, Karen; a son, David; four grandchildren; and a great-grandson, all of Colorado; one sister and two brothers, Mildred Perry and Jerome Bickel of the Oil City area and Ken Bickel of Erie; and several nieces and nephews. He was preceded in death by his parents and three sisters, Janet Persons, Doris Ardillo and Margaret Van Tassel. There will be no viewing. Interment will be held at Laurel Hill Cemetery. Arrangements are being handled by the Dusckas Funeral Home Inc., East, 2607 Buffalo Road, Erie.
on July 10, 2008.²

     Lloyd Alvin Perry was buried at Heckathorn Cemetery, Cranberry Township, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.^4,7 He married Mildred Bickel, daughter of David Benton Bickel and Ecie Margaret Stover.^1,2 Lloyd Alvin Perry was born on July 27, 1920 at Fertigs, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.^{3,8,4,5,9,6,7} He died on May 13, 2005 at Pennsylvania at age 84.^8,4,9,7

     His Social Security Number was 209-09-0543.⁵ Victor Otto Persons was buried at Riceville Cemetery, Riceville, Crawford Co., Pennsylvania.¹ He was born on December 9, 1914 at Crawford Co., Pennsylvania.^5,2,3 He married Janet Bickel, daughter of David Benton Bickel and Ecie Margaret Stover, on March 23, 1942.⁶ Victor Otto Persons died on June 21, 1991 at Englewood, Sarasota Co., Florida, at age 76.^1,5,2

     Doris Mae Bickel was buried at Laurel Hill Cemetery, 4523 Love Road, Millcreek Township, Erie Co., Pennsylvania.⁶ Her Social Security Number was 194-24-5258.⁷ Her married name was Ardillo.¹ Her married name was Wright.² She and Anthony F. "Tony" Ardillo were divorced.⁸ Doris Mae Bickel married Anthony F. "Tony" Ardillo.^1,4,5 Doris Mae Bickel married Unknown Wright.² Doris Mae Bickel was born on July 8, 1931 at Fertigs, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.^7,2 She died on April 15, 1995 at age 63.⁷

     Anthony F. "Tony" Ardillo and Doris Mae Bickel were divorced.² Anthony F. "Tony" Ardillo married Doris Mae Bickel, daughter of David Benton Bickel and Ecie Margaret Stover.^1,3,4 Anthony F. "Tony" Ardillo was born on December 28, 1931 at Erie, Erie Co., Pennsylvania.² He died on July 28, 2015 at Erie, Erie Co., Pennsylvania, at age 83.² He Anthony F. "Tony" Ardillo, age 83, of Erie, passed away on July 28, 2015, at the Erie VA Medical Center. Tony was born in Erie, on December 28, 1931, the son of the late Tony and Phyllis (Nasca) Ardillo. Tony served in the U.S. Army during the Korean War. He was employed for years with his father at Tony's Auto Service in Weslyville. He continued to work there during his career at Penelec, as a mechanic, until his retirement. Tony was a member of the Star Athletic Club, Siebenbuerger Club and the American Legion Carl Neff Post 571. In addition to his parents, Tony was preceded in death by his ex-wife, Doris; his wife, Ruth; and brothers, Richard and Carl. He is survived by his sister, Geraldine Cottrell (Harold); daughters, Toni Fioravanti (Patrick), Beverly Hurta (Scott) and Teresa Shaffer (Don); one grandson, Kyle Smith; stepchildren, Darlene Strain, Sam Strain (Evelyn) and Tim Strain; five step-grandchildren; and four step-great-grandchildren; his best friends, Bill and Bobbie Lapenz, Bob Lapenz; cousin, Fred Ardillo; and also the many friends and family who enriched his life. It is with heartfelt thanks that we wish to acknowledge the entire staff on the 5th Floor at the Erie Veterans Medical Center, for not only taking wonderful care of Dad, but us also. He could not have been in a better place. And another wonderful thank you goes to the Visiting Nurses Association of Erie County, for their great care also. Remember the Dad, cousin, friend, or neighbor as you plant your garden, shout at that game, or smell that sauce cooking. He touched many lives. Friends and family may call at the Dusckas Funeral Home, Inc., 2607 Buffalo Road, on Friday from 3 p.m. until the time of the service at 7 p.m., conducted by Rev. Harry Johns III. Burial will be private. on July 30, 2015.²

     Her Social Security Number was 193-26-7665.⁶ Margaret Jean Bickel was buried at Lily Lake Cemetery, Lily Lake, Kane Co., Illinois.⁷ Her married name was Van Tassel.⁴ She married George Lester Van Tassel.^4,5 Margaret Jean Bickel was born on February 7, 1933 at Fertigs, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.^6,7,2 She died on September 10, 2001 at Illinois at age 68.^6,7

     His Social Security Number was 164-24-9810.⁵ George Lester Van Tassel was buried at Lily Lake Cemetery, Lily Lake, Kane Co., Illinois.^1,4 He married Margaret Jean Bickel, daughter of David Benton Bickel and Ecie Margaret Stover.^2,3 George Lester Van Tassel was born on January 1, 1927 at Centerville, Crawford Co., Pennsylvania.^1,4,5 He died on November 29, 2006 at Waterloo, Black Hawk Co., Iowa, at age 79.^1,4,5 He Visitation for George L. Van Tassel, 79, of Waterloo, Iowa, will be from 3 p.m. until the time of funeral service at 6 p.m. Saturday, at the Yurs Funeral Home, 405 E. Main St., St. Charles. The Rev. Bill Quibell will officiate. Burial will take place at 10 a.m. Sunday, in Lily Lake Cemetery, Lily Lake. Born Jan. 1, 1927, in Centerville, Pa., he died Wednesday, Nov. 29, 2006, at the Quibells Boarding Home in Waterloo. He was a lifetime member of the Wasco American Legion, serving as Post Commander. He was also a member of the Forty and Eight Club (for past commanders of the American Legion), and a member of the Men's Victory Bowling League for many years. He was formerly employed by White Brothers Trucking Company, Hahn Implement, the City of St. Charles and Payline West in St. Charles before his retirement. He is survived by his son, Danny Van Tassel of St. Charles; daughter, Patty Heathershaw of Waterloo; four granddaughters; seven great-grandchildren; five sisters; and five brothers. He was preceded in death by his wife, Margaret; a sister; a brother; a grandson; and his parents, Victor and Jennie Van Tassel. on December 2, 2006.⁴

     His Social Security Number was 177-07-0304.⁹ Lester Wayne Cubbison was buried at Brandon Cemetery, Brandon, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.¹⁰ He was born on January 16, 1918 at Oil City, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.^1,9,3 He married Mary Isobel Matthews on December 27, 1949 at Alma, Gratiot Co., Michigan.⁵ Lester Wayne Cubbison married Ruth Elizabeth Ward on August 25, 1960.¹ Lester Wayne Cubbison married Mae Marie Whitehill, daughter of Harry William Whitehill and Clara L. Robbins, on January 16, 1991.^1,4 Lester Wayne Cubbison died on February 10, 2007 at Seneca, Allegheny Co., Pennsylvania, at age 89.^1,9,4 He Lester W. Cubbison, 89, of 1324 Grandview Road, Oil City, died at 6:05 a.m. Saturday, Feb. 10, 2007, in UPMC Northwest, Seneca. Born Jan. 16, 1918, in Oil City, he was the son of Clyde A. and Minnie Maude Hulings Cubbison. Mr. Cubbison was a veteran of World War II, serving in the U.S. Army Air Corps. He worked as a state inspector, then at Sears and later retired from George Junior Republic where he worked in maintenance. Mr. Cubbison was a member of St. Stephen Church and belonged to the James M. Henderson Post No 32 American Legion. He enjoyed golfing, hunting, spending time at the Bickel camp in Forest County and sharing a cup of coffee with good friends Sunday morning after church. Mr. Cubbison first was married Aug. 25, 1960, to the former Ruth E. Ward, who died Nov. 1, 1989. He then was married Jan. 16, 1991, to Mae M. Bailer, who survives. Also surviving are a son, Tom Cubbison of Bowling Green, Mo., a stepdaughter, Jan Karasinski of Seneca; a stepson, Joseph Schultz of Ruschberg, Germany; six stepgrandchildren, Julie Schneider and Dan Karasinski, both of Pittsburgh, Mike Karasinski of Seneca, Tim Schultz, Kai Schultz and Cindy Schultz, all of Germany; a step-great-grandson, Phillip Schultz; a step-great-granddaughter, Kimmy Schultz; a special cousin, Jerome Bickel; dear friends, Bob and Mary Allen of Pittsburgh; and several nieces and nephews. In addition to his parents and first wife, he was preceded in death by a brother, Clyde A. Cubbison Jr; and a sister, Margaret Kerr. There will be no visitation. A memorial service will be conducted at 11 a.m. Friday in the Morrison Funeral Home. In lieu of flowers, the family suggests memorials be made to the Venango County Humane Society, 2724 Deep Hollow Road, Franklin, 16323. on February 12, 2007.¹

     Her Social Security Number was 163-12-2266.³ Ruth Elizabeth Ward was born on May 15, 1919 at Oil City, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.^3,2 As of August 25, 1960,her married name was Cubbison.¹ She married Lester Wayne Cubbison, son of Clyde Alexander Cubbison and Minnie Maude Hulings, on August 25, 1960.¹ Ruth Elizabeth Ward died on November 1, 1989 at Pennsylvania at age 70.^1,3

     His Social Security Number was 189-14-4594.⁸ Clyde Alvin "Cubby" Cubbison was buried at Jerusalem Corners Cemetery, Pleasantville, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.¹ He was born on March 25, 1924 at Oil City, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.^8,2,3,9 He married Norma Jean "Linda" Fink on July 18, 1948 at Titusville, Crawford Co., Pennsylvania.^10,1 Clyde Alvin "Cubby" Cubbison died on January 14, 2005 at Oil City, Venango Co., Pennsylvania, at age 80.^8,10,1,9 He Clyde Alvin "Cubby" Cubbison, 80, of 1573 State Route 227 (Plumer), Oil City, died at 12:35 p.m. Friday, Jan. 14, 2005, at his residence. Mr. Cubbison was born on March 25, 1924, in Oil City, a son of the late Clyde A. and M. Maude Hulings Cubbison. He was married to Norma Fink on July 18, 1948, at the Breedtown Baptist Church. He was a graduate of the Cranberry High School, class of 1942. He was a veteran of World War II having served in the U.S. Army. He entered the service on June 3, 1943, in Erie. He served with the 2571st Service Unit Command as a military policeman. He was honorably discharged on March 23, 1946, at Ft. George Meade in Maryland with the rank of Tec 4. He had been employed at the former Pennzoil Refinery as a stillman and watchman for 37 years until his retirement in 1986. Mr. Cubbison was a member of the American Legion Post No. 0205 in Saegertown. He enjoyed singing and playing the accordion for square dances, his family and friends. He was a member of the Keystone Playboys from 1947 to 1949. He loved to listen to country and bluegrass music and enjoyed playing dominos. He is survived by his wife of Oil City; five daughters, Mrs. Fred (Phyllis) Warham, Martha Turner and Mrs. Kevin (Sue) Sterling, all of Titusville, Mrs. Lindy (Ginger) Keister of Shippenville and Mrs'. Richard (Barbara) Snyder of Delmont; 11 grandchildren; nine great grandchildren,four step grandchildren; five step great-grandchildren; a sister, Mrs. Margaret Kerr of Edinboro; a brother, Lester W. Cubbison and his wife, Mae, of Oil City; and several nieces and nephews. In addition to his parents, he was preceded; in death by a grandson, Michael W. Snyder. No public visitation will be observed. Friends may attend a celebration of his life at the Plumer Community Building on Wednesday from 1l a.m. to 1 p.m. at which time a memorial service will be conducted. Interment will be in Jerusalem Corners Cemetery. The family asks that in lieu of flowers, memorials may be made to the Veterans Administration Regional Office, 1000 Liberty Ave. Pittsburgh, Pa. 15222 or to the Hospice VNA of Venango County 176 E. Bissell Ave. Oil City, Pa. 16301. The Gordon B. Garrett Funeral Home, 303JST. Washington St., is in charge of arrangements. on January 17, 2005.¹

     Margaret E. Cubbison was buried at Rynd Farm Cemetery, Rouseville, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.⁷ She was born on July 18, 1910 at Oil City, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.^8,7 As of March 25, 1931,her married name was Kerr.⁷ She married Andrew John Kerr on March 25, 1931 at State Line, Chautauqua Co., New York.^7,5 Margaret E. Cubbison died on March 18, 2006 at Edinboro, Erie Co., Pennsylvania, at age 95.^8,7

     His Social Security Number was 206-09-5588.⁴ Andrew John Kerr was born on July 23, 1909 at Siverly, Venango Co., Pennsylvania; His draft card has a birth date of Jul 12, 1909 and the SSDI has Jul 25, 1909.^4,2,3 He married Margaret E. Cubbison, daughter of Clyde Alexander Cubbison and Minnie Maude Hulings, on March 25, 1931 at State Line, Chautauqua Co., New York.^1,5 Andrew John Kerr died on August 26, 1980 at Pennsylvania at age 71.^1,4

     His Social Security Number was 374-42-8911.⁵ Walter V. Hess was buried at Oak Grove Cemetery, Saint Louis, Gratiot Co., Michigan.³ He was born on May 27, 1887 at Ashland, Schuylkill Co., Pennsylvania; The SSDI has a birth year of 1885.^4,3,5 He married Goldie Beulah Hulings, daughter of John Benton Hulings and Margaret Albina Dolby, circa 1906.^1,2,3 Walter V. Hess died in December, 1964 at Michigan at age 77.⁵

     Grant Walter Hess was buried at Oak Grove Cemetery, Saint Louis, Gratiot Co., Michigan.^2,5 He was born on September 30, 1907 at Oil City, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.³ He married Vesta Harris on September 16, 1927 at Saint Louis, Gratiot Co., Michigan.^7,4 Grant Walter Hess died on September 19, 1968 at St. Louis, Gratiot Co., Michigan, at age 60.^2,5 He ST. LOUIS - Services will be Monday at 1:30 p.m. at the Carter Funeral Home here for Grant W. Hess, 60, of 431 S Mill, who died Thursday at his home. Burial will be in Oak Grove Cemetery. Mr. Hess formerly owned and operated the Hess Park Hotel here and the Michigolden Duckling Farm, Hemlock. He is survived by his wife, Vesta; two daughters, Mrs. Jack Peterson of Marion, Ind., and Mrs. Dean Gould, Kalamazoo; a sister, Mrs. Emery Foster of East Lansing, and six grandchildren. on September 21, 1968.⁵

     Her Social Security Number was 369-48-2549.⁶ Florence Margaret Hess was born on April 19, 1909 at Cranberry Township, Venango Co., Pennsylvania.^3,6,7 As of circa 1935,her married name was Foster.⁸ She married Emery George Foster circa 1935.^9,8,4 Florence Margaret Hess died on September 21, 1993 at Lansing, Ingham Co., Michigan, at age 84.^6,7,4 She Foster, Florence Margaret - East Lansing, age 84, died September 21, 1993 at Sparrow Hospital. Mrs. Foster was born in Oil City, PA, the daughter of Walter and Goldie (Hulings) Hess. She was a graduate in Home Economics and a member of the Alpha Chi Omega Sorority at Michigan State University, and the Peoples Church of East Lansing. She is survived by a son, Edward (Linda) Foster of Charlotte; daughter, Mary June (William) Wilkinson of Bloomfield Hills; 8 grandchildren, 4 great grandchildren. She was preceded in death by her husband, Emery G. Foster in 1988, and son, Richard Foster in 1983. on September 23, 1993.⁴